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1114.print-in-order

Statement

Metadata

给你一个类：

public class Foo {
  public void first() { print("first"); }
  public void second() { print("second"); }
  public void third() { print("third"); }
}

三个不同的线程 A、B、C 将会共用一个 Foo 实例。

  • 线程 A 将会调用 first() 方法
  • 线程 B 将会调用 second() 方法
  • 线程 C 将会调用 third() 方法

请设计修改程序，以确保 second() 方法在 first() 方法之后被执行，third() 方法在 second() 方法之后被执行。

提示：

  • 尽管输入中的数字似乎暗示了顺序，但是我们并不保证线程在操作系统中的调度顺序。
  • 你看到的输入格式主要是为了确保测试的全面性。

 

示例 1：

输入：nums = [1,2,3]
输出："firstsecondthird"
解释：
有三个线程会被异步启动。输入 [1,2,3] 表示线程 A 将会调用 first() 方法，线程 B 将会调用 second() 方法，线程 C 将会调用 third() 方法。正确的输出是 "firstsecondthird"。

示例 2：

输入：nums = [1,3,2]
输出："firstsecondthird"
解释：
输入 [1,3,2] 表示线程 A 将会调用 first() 方法，线程 B 将会调用 third() 方法，线程 C 将会调用 second() 方法。正确的输出是 "firstsecondthird"。

 

提示：
  • nums 是 [1, 2, 3] 的一组排列

Metadata

Suppose we have a class:

public class Foo {
  public void first() { print("first"); }
  public void second() { print("second"); }
  public void third() { print("third"); }
}

The same instance of Foo will be passed to three different threads. Thread A will call first(), thread B will call second(), and thread C will call third(). Design a mechanism and modify the program to ensure that second() is executed after first(), and third() is executed after second().

Note:

We do not know how the threads will be scheduled in the operating system, even though the numbers in the input seem to imply the ordering. The input format you see is mainly to ensure our tests' comprehensiveness.

 

Example 1:

Input: nums = [1,2,3]
Output: "firstsecondthird"
Explanation: There are three threads being fired asynchronously. The input [1,2,3] means thread A calls first(), thread B calls second(), and thread C calls third(). "firstsecondthird" is the correct output.

Example 2:

Input: nums = [1,3,2]
Output: "firstsecondthird"
Explanation: The input [1,3,2] means thread A calls first(), thread B calls third(), and thread C calls second(). "firstsecondthird" is the correct output.

 

Constraints:

  • nums is a permutation of [1, 2, 3].

Solution

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#include <ext/pb_ds/assoc_container.hpp>
#include <ext/pb_ds/tree_policy.hpp>

#define endl "\n"
#define fi first
#define se second
#define all(x) begin(x), end(x)
#define rall rbegin(a), rend(a)
#define bitcnt(x) (__builtin_popcountll(x))
#define complete_unique(a) a.erase(unique(begin(a), end(a)), end(a))
#define mst(x, a) memset(x, a, sizeof(x))
#define MP make_pair

using ll = long long;
using ull = unsigned long long;
using db = double;
using ld = long double;
using VLL = std::vector<ll>;
using VI = std::vector<int>;
using PII = std::pair<int, int>;
using PLL = std::pair<ll, ll>;

using namespace __gnu_pbds;
using namespace std;
template <typename T>
using ordered_set = tree<T, null_type, less<T>, rb_tree_tag, tree_order_statistics_node_update>;

template <typename T, typename S>
inline bool chmax(T &a, const S &b) {
    return a < b ? a = b, 1 : 0;
}

template <typename T, typename S>
inline bool chmin(T &a, const S &b) {
    return a > b ? a = b, 1 : 0;
}

#ifdef LOCAL
#include <debug.hpp>
#else
#define dbg(...)
#endif
// head

class Foo {
public:
    Foo() {}

    void first(function<void()> printFirst) {
        while (order_.load() % 3 != 0) {
            std::this_thread::yield();
        }

        // printFirst() outputs "first". Do not change or remove this line.
        printFirst();

        order_++;
    }

    void second(function<void()> printSecond) {
        while (order_.load() % 3 != 1) {
            std::this_thread::yield();
        }

        // printSecond() outputs "second". Do not change or remove this line.
        printSecond();

        order_++;
    }

    void third(function<void()> printThird) {
        while (order_.load() % 3 != 2) {
            std::this_thread::yield();
        }

        // printThird() outputs "third". Do not change or remove this line.
        printThird();

        order_++;
    }

private:
    std::atomic<int> order_{0};
};

#ifdef LOCAL

int main() {
    return 0;
}

#endif
最后更新: October 11, 2023
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